Topic 7.1: Contextualizing Period 7

Learning Objectives:  –Explain political, social and economic trends for women during this time period –Explain how the debate over abortion shaped the women’s movement  –Explain the influence of the birth control pill and litigation around contraception in the Supreme Court

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the role of race, class, gender, sexuality, ability and religion in shaping women’s lives during this era –Understand how Rachel Carson’s work was foundational to the modern day environmental movement  –Understand the political and social impact of the ACLU Women’s Rights Project and the events that led to its creation –Understand the work of the Daughters of Bilitis and the publication of “The Ladder” –Understand the importance of the women’s music movement and Olivia Records –Understand the role of women in the free speech movement –Understand the story of Sherri Finkbine in the early 1960s and the impact it had on the abortion rights movement in the United States

Recommended Sources: —Women’s Rights Are a Part of Human Rights by Pauli Murray –Sister Outsider by Audre Lorde –Film: Eyes on the Prize –When and Where I enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America by Paula Giddings —“The Lesser of two Evils” by Sherri Chessen Finkbine —Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) –Excerpts, Tiny You: A Western History of the Anti-Abortion Movement by Jennifer L. Holland —Army of Three —NOW’s Statement of Purpose –Image: Radical Women Conference (1976) —Before Roe v. Wade: Voices that Shaped the Abortion Debate Before the Supreme Court Ruling by Linda Greenhouse and Reva B. Siegel –Committee for a Human Abortion Law —It Changed My Life: The Feminine Mystique at 50

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Topic 7.2: Women in the Conservative Movement

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the role of women in a growing conservative movement –Explain the concept of conservative feminism –Explain the political impact of conservative first ladies such as Pat Nixon and Nancy Reagan –Explain the political significance of organizations such as the National Pro-Family Coalition –Explain the political significance of the role of fetal photography

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the historic importance of the STOP ERA campaign and the Eagle Forum –Understand the role of women in the John Birch Society and the impact this group had on the modern day Republican party –Understand the historic significance of Feminists for Life –Understand the historic significance of the following individuals –Understand the presidential candidacy of Ellen McCormack in the 1970s –Understand the political work of the following women —Phyllis Schlafly —Beverly LaHaye —Mary Louise Smith —Connaught (Connie) Marshner —Faith Ryan Whittlesey —Elizabeth Goodwin, cofounder of the Right to Life League (1966) —Barbara Wilke & the Handbook on Abortion –Sidney Callahan & pro-life feminism

Recommended Sources: ––What’s Wrong with Equal Rights for Women by Phyllis Schlafly —STOP ERA campaign visuals —Pat Nixon and Women’s Issues of the 1970s —Ford Library archives on women —“Pursuing the Reunification of Home and Work” by Erika Bachiochi Teacher Resources —Biography of Nancy Reagan —“A “On the Dignity & Vocation of Women” 1988 –Pro life responses to Roe v. Wade from Defenders of the Unborn: The Pro-Life Movement Before Roe v. Wade by Daniel K. Williams —American Citizens Concerned for Life

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Recommended Sources: –Know Your IX by Advocates for Youth History of Title IX by Women’s Sports Foundation NCAA: The Origins of Title IX by Greg Johnson Title IX & Impact, AP News by Collin Binkley and Erica Hunzinger Teacher Resources Women, Education, Sports, and Title IX by National Women’s History Museum, Leah Jerome

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the creation of Title IX –Explain the stated purpose of Title IX –Explain the short and long term significance of Title IX

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the role of Billie Jean King in the creation of Title IX –Understand the role of Alice Paul and Patsy Mink in the creation of Title IX –Understand that Title IX is part of the Education Amendments of 1972

Recommended Sources: —Know Your IX by Advocates for Youth —History of Title IX by Women’s Sports Foundation —NCAA: The Origins of Title IX by Greg Johnson —Title IX & Impact, AP News by Collin Binkley and Erica Hunzinger Teacher Resources —Women, Education, Sports, and Title IX by National Women’s History Museum, Leah Jerome

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Topic: 7.4: Shirley Chisholm & the 1972 presidential campaign

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the short and long term impact of Shirley Chisholm’s 1972 campaign for the U.S. presidency –Explain the significance of Chisholm’s campaign on future presidential candidates including Kamala Harris

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the short and long term impact of Shirley Chisholm’s presidential campaign –Understand the impact of Chisholm’s candidacy on modern American politicians such as Representative Barbara Lee from California –Understand why many feminist leaders in the early 1970s decided not to support Chisholm’s candidacy

Recommended Sources: —Shirley Chisholm video from Retro Report –“The Ticket That Might Have Been…President Chisholm”, Ms. Magazine, May 1973 –Film: Unbought and Unbossed –“Shirley’s Run, Black Power, Politics, and Black Feminism, 1970-2000” from A Black Women’s History of the United States by Daina Ramey Berry and Kali Nicole Gross –TV Show: Mrs. America —“Facing the Abortion Question” by Shirley Chisholm (1969)

Thematic Focus: Women and American Culture

It is essential to understand the significant role of women in the formation of American culture, including religion, health, art, psychology, and literature, to better understand the development of the United States

Thematic Focus: Women’s Experiences

Women have not had a monolithic experience; their lives have been directly impacted by intersecting identities including race, class, gender, ability, sexuality, religion, region and age. Race and gender are social constructs that have been closely tied to women’s American political and social development

Topic 7.5: Civil Rights Movement

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the role of women in the civil rights movement –Explain the importance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title VII Explain the role of Pauli Murray in the legal struggle for civil rights and women’s rights Explain the importance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on women

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the civil rights work of Rosa Parks regarding racial desegregation, women’s rights and the movement against sexual violence –Understand the creation of the EEOC and how flight attendants sued over sex discrimination –Understand the political work of Fannie Lou Hamer –Understand the significance of Esther Peterson and the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women/Peterson Report –Understand the role women played in the labor rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s –Understand the innovative political work of Diane Nash & women in SNCC –Understand the role of women in the Black Panther Movement and their free breakfast program –Understand the importance of the activism of Coretta Scott King and Mamie Till Mobley

Recommended Sources: —Young Lord’s Organization/Party —Dolores Huerta co-founded United Farm Workers (1965) –Excerpts, At the Dark End of the Street by Danielle L. McGuire –Subversive Habits: Black Catholic Nuns in the Long African American Freedom Struggle by Shannen Dee Williams –Film: Eyes on the Prize —Mary Church Terrell’s campaign to desegregate restaurants in Washington, D.C.

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Topic 7.6: National Organization for Women (NOW)

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the role of the National Organization for Women in the second wave of the women’s movement

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the creation of the National Organization for Women and the involvement of the following women —Elizabeth Farians —Pauli Murray —Florynce Kennedy —Wilma Heide —Sister Mary Joel Read –Understand the impact of how the 1970 NOW conference was divided over lesbianism

Recommended Sources: –Excerpts, The Women of NOW by Katherine Turk —NOW Original Statement of Purpose (1966) —NOW’s Bill of Rights (1968) —“National Organization for Women, Bill of Rights” —Alice Paul’s annotations of The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan –1970: Women’s Strike for Equality (primary source)

Thematic Focus: Women’s Experiences

Women have not had a monolithic experience; their lives have been directly impacted by intersecting identities including race, class, gender, ability, sexuality, religion, region and age. Race and gender are social constructs that have been closely tied to women’s American political and social development

Topic 7.7: Black Feminism and Womanism

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the development of Black feminism from the 19th century to the late 20th century –Explain the concept of womanism –Explain the role of racism in the women’s liberation movement of the 1960s and 1970s –Explain the role of women in the Women in the Black Panther Party

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the political and social significance of the following: —Alice Walker —Margaret Sloan —Kitchen Table Press –Understand the significance of the National Black Feminist Organization –Understand the development of womanist theology –Understand the significance of the organization Sister Song

Recommended Sources: –“Statement of Purpose, The National Black Feminist Organization” 1973 —“Black Women: From Slavery to Womanist Liberation” by Emilie M. Townes —“Defining Black Feminist Thought” by Patricia Hill Collins —“Womanist” (1983) by Alice Walker —“Womanist Theology: Black Women’s Voices” (1986) by Delores S. Williams

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Thematic Focus: Women’s Experiences

Women have not had a monolithic experience; their lives have been directly impacted by intersecting identities including race, class, gender, ability, sexuality, religion, region and age. Race and gender are social constructs that have been closely tied to women’s American political and social development

Topic 7.8: Women’s Liberation

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the difference between liberal feminism and the women’s liberation movement –Explain the reasons for the emergence of second wave feminism –Explain the differences between the first wave and the second wave of the women’s movement –Explain the differences between pro-choice activism and reproductive justice

Essential Understandings:  –Understand leading theorists of the women’s liberation movement –Understand the role of sexual politics and the consequences of the legalization of the birth control pill –Understand the concept of consciousness raising –Understand the development of militant women’s groups such as Radicalesbians –Understand the political work of Karla Jay and Gloria Steinem –Understand the debate over the Hyde Amendment

Recommended Sources: –“Jane Crow and the Law: Sex Discrimination and Title VII” by Pauli Murray and Mary O. Eastwood (1965) —Abortion and the Law by Mary Ziegler –Excerpts from the SCUM Manifesto —The Woman-Identified Woman by Radicalesbians —Congressional Testimony of Catholic feminist Dr. Elizabeth Farians on the ERA, 1970 –Excerpts from Shulamith Firestone, The Dialectic of Sex —“Perplexed Thoughts Upon Leaving the Church After Mass” by Sr. Ann Patrick Ware (women’s ordination) —WAPUSH interview with Dr. Bettina Aptheker —Harris v. McRae (SCOTUS upheld the Hyde Amendment) —SCOTUS cases about abortion & contraception

Thematic Focus: Women’s Experiences

Women have not had a monolithic experience; their lives have been directly impacted by intersecting identities including race, class, gender, ability, sexuality, religion, region and age. Race and gender are social constructs that have been closely tied to women’s American political and social development

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Topic 7.9: Republican Feminism

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the short and long term significance of Republican feminism –Explain the impact of the elections of 1976 and 1980 on Republican feminist women –Explain the role of Republican feminists who worked in the White House during the Nixon and Ford administrations

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the significance of the changes within the Republican Party in the election of 1980 on topic including the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion rights –Understand the political work of the following women —Jill Ruckelshaus —Betty Ford —Mary Louise Smith –Understand the role of Republican feminists in contemporary American politics

Recommended Sources: –Tea Party Women: Mama Grizzlies, Grassroots Leaders, and the Changing Face of the American Right by Melissa Deckman –Mothers of Conservatism: Women and the Postwar Right by Michelle M. Nickerson

Topic 7.10: Latina/Chicana Feminism

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the short and long term significance of Latina & Chicana feminism –Explain the difference between Latina and Chicana feminism

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the work of Latina suffragists such as California suffragist Maria de Lopez –Understand the social, cultural, and political work of Gloria E. Anzaldúa Understand the life story of Jovita Idár and the concept of borderlands Understand the significance of the court case Madrigal v. Quilligan

Recommended Sources: —Timeline of Chicana feminism —Position Paper on Women by Young Lords –From Out of the Shadows: Mexican Women in Twentieth Century America by Vicki L. Ruiz –Latina Legacies: Identity, Biography, and Community, ed. By Vicki L. Ruiz and Virginia Sánchez Korrol –Chicana Feminist Thought: The Basic Historical Writings, ed. By Alma M. García —“The New Mestiza Nation: A Multicultural Movement” by Gloria Anzaldúa –Film: No Más Bebés

Thematic Focus: Women’s Activism

Women have utilized a wide variety of strategies to demonstrate agency and challenge male authority throughout American history. Women have also contributed to the pursuit of equality with men, even as they worked to define it in different ways

Topic 7.11: Women and the Disability Rights Movement

Learning Objectives:  –Explain the role women have played in the disability rights movement –Explain the reasons behind the passage of the American with Disabilities Act –Explain what led to the creation of 504 plans and the role women played in their development –Explain the history behind gender differences in autism diagnosis

Essential Understandings:  –Understand the political and social work of the following activists:  —Judith Heumann —Alice Wong –Understand the work of Eunice Shriver and the organization Special Olympics –Understand the life story of Rosemary Kennedy Understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the disability rights movement

Recommended Sources: –Video: U.S. Capitol Crawl —Temple Grandin: The Autism History Project —Disability Justices & the COVID-19 pandemic –Photos: Center for Independent Living (primary sources)